PLAZA MAYOR

A Historic Icon in the Heart of Spain’s Capital

Plaza Mayor, often referred to as the “heart of Madrid,” is an iconic and historic square located in the heart of the Spanish capital. This grand and magnificent square has witnessed centuries of history, making it one of the most significant and visited landmarks in Madrid. From its rich history and architectural beauty to its bustling markets, vibrant atmosphere, and festive celebrations during Christmas, Plaza Mayor offers a captivating experience for visitors and locals alike.

History

Plaza Mayor’s history can be traced back to the 16th century when King Philip II ordered the construction of a grand square to replace the old Plaza del Arrabal. The project was entrusted to the renowned architect Juan de Herrera, who designed the initial plans. However, the square as we know it today was largely the work of architect Juan Gómez de Mora, who completed the project in 1619 during the reign of King Philip III.

Throughout its history, Plaza Mayor has served various purposes, including as a marketplace, bullfighting arena, and the setting for royal proclamations, celebrations, and even executions. The square has seen it all, from grand fiestas to the Spanish Inquisition trials. It also underwent several renovations, the most significant of which was led by architect Juan de Villanueva in the late 18th century, giving the square its characteristic uniform appearance with its stunning red-brick facades and 237 balconies. 

Shops and Restaurants

Today, Plaza Mayor is surrounded by an array of shops, restaurants, and cafes. While it may not be a bustling marketplace as it once was, it remains a vibrant hub of activity. Visitors can explore an eclectic range of shops selling traditional Spanish crafts, souvenirs, and gourmet products. For those seeking authentic Spanish cuisine, the square offers numerous restaurants where you can savor classic dishes like paella, tapas, and churros with chocolate. One of the most famous restaurants in Plaza Mayor is Botín, often cited as the world’s oldest restaurant.

Location

Plaza Mayor enjoys a prime location in the heart of Madrid’s historic center. It is situated in the city’s central district, known as Sol, making it easily accessible from many parts of the city. The square’s central location means that it’s a starting point for exploring other Madrid landmarks, such as the Royal Palace, Puerta del Sol, and the San Miguel Market.

What to Do and See

  1. Explore the Architecture: Plaza Mayor is a masterpiece of Spanish Baroque architecture. Take the time to admire the meticulously designed facades, intricate frescoes, and the equestrian statue of King Philip III at the center of the square.
  2. People Watching: The square is a perfect place for people watching. Grab a seat at one of the cafes, and watch the world go by. You’ll encounter street performers, tourists, and locals alike.
  3. Visit the Casa de la Panadería: This stunning building, known as the “Bakery House,” stands on the northern side of the square. It features beautiful frescoes and houses the Madrid Tourist Information Center.
  4. Attend Cultural Events: Throughout the year, Plaza Mayor hosts a variety of cultural events, including concerts, art exhibitions, and open-air performances. Be sure to check the schedule for any upcoming events during your visit.

Famous Landmarks Nearby

While at Plaza Mayor, you can explore several other famous landmarks nearby:

  1. Royal Palace of Madrid: A short walk from Plaza Mayor, the Royal Palace is a must-visit. Its grandeur and opulence are truly awe-inspiring, and the adjacent Sabatini Gardens are a serene retreat.
  2. Puerta del Sol: Madrid’s symbolic center, Puerta del Sol, is just a stone’s throw away. Here you can find the famous Bear and Strawberry Tree statue and Kilometer Zero, the point from which all Spanish roads are measured.
  3. San Miguel Market: Located adjacent to Plaza Mayor, this historic market has been transformed into a gourmet food hall. It’s a fantastic place to try a variety of Spanish delicacies and enjoy a glass of wine.

Christmas Time in Plaza Mayor

Visiting Plaza Mayor during the Christmas season is an enchanting experience. The square is adorned with festive decorations, including a massive Christmas tree and a nativity scene. Street vendors sell holiday treats like roasted chestnuts and sweet pastries. The annual Christmas market, known as the “Feria de Navidad,” features numerous stalls selling ornaments, nativity figurines, and unique gifts. It’s also a tradition for Madrileños to gather in Plaza Mayor on New Year’s Eve to ring in the new year by eating grapes with each of the twelve chimes at midnight.

Ways of Transportation

Getting to Plaza Mayor is easy thanks to Madrid’s efficient public transportation system. Visitors can use the following modes of transportation:

  1. Metro: The Madrid Metro system connects the city efficiently. The closest metro station to Plaza Mayor is Sol (Lines 1, 2, and 3).
  2. Bus: Numerous bus routes pass through or near Plaza Mayor, making it accessible by bus from various parts of the city.
  3. Walking: If you’re staying in the city center, it’s a pleasant walk to Plaza Mayor from many accommodations.

Warnings and Tips for a Safe Visit

While Plaza Mayor is a vibrant and welcoming place, it’s essential to keep a few things in mind to ensure a safe and enjoyable visit:

  1. Beware of Pickpockets: Like any popular tourist destination, Plaza Mayor can attract pickpockets. Keep a close eye on your belongings, especially in crowded areas. Consider using a money belt or a secure bag to protect your valuables.
  2. Café Prices: Dining at the restaurants and cafes in Plaza Mayor can be more expensive due to their prime location. If you’re on a budget, you might want to explore the nearby streets for more affordable dining options.
  3. Street Performers: While many street performers in the square add to the festive atmosphere, some may aggressively demand tips for photos. If you choose to interact with them, be clear about your intentions and what you’re comfortable paying.
  4. Tourist Traps: Be cautious when shopping for souvenirs around Plaza Mayor, as some shops may overcharge tourists. Consider comparing prices at different stalls and shops to ensure you’re getting a fair deal.
  5. Respect Local Customs: In Spain, it’s customary to greet and say goodbye with a kiss on each cheek, even when meeting someone for the first time. Respect local customs and be polite when interacting with locals.